Table 1 Baseline characteristics and surgical data
NoV (n = 138) | LOV (n = 138) | HOV (n = 137) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 53 (46–61) | 52 (45–63) | 52 (46–61) | 0.796 |
Gender (M/F), n | 62/76 | 64/74 | 67/70 | 0.800 |
Smoking, n (%) | 31 (22.5) | 30 (21.7) | 31 (22.6) | 0.982 |
BMI | 23.1 (20.7–25.2) | 22.6 (20.7–25.1) | 23.2 (20.9–25.1) | 0.650 |
ASA III, n (%) | 134 (97.1) | 137 (99.3) | 136 (99.3) | 0.339 |
EuroScore II | 1.07 (0.84–1.39) | 1.07 (0.86–1.51) | 1.02 (0.86–1.35) | 0.683 |
Preoperative OI | 385 (376–404) | 385 (365–404) | 385 (371–409) | 0.485 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
COPD | 3 (2.2) | 6 (4.3) | 5 (3.6) | 0.629 |
Hypertension | 23 (16.7) | 18 (13.0) | 22 (16.1) | 0.669 |
Diabetes | 5 (3.6) | 7 (5.1) | 12 (8.8) | 0.172 |
Prior stroke | 3 (2.2) | 3 (2.2) | 5 (3.6) | 0.693 |
Surgical type, n (%) | ||||
Valve replacement/repair | 116 (84.1) | 113 (81.9) | 120 (87.6) | 0.419 |
CABG | 11 (8.0) | 11 (8.0) | 9 (6.6) | 0.878 |
Repair of structural defect | 16 (11.6) | 23 (16.7) | 17 (12.4) | 0.418 |
Resection of a cardiac tumour | 1 (0.7) | 3 (2.2) | 3 (2.2) | 0.643 |
Anesthetics administration | ||||
Sufentanil (ug/kg) | 2.7(2.2–3.5) | 3.3(2.6–4.1) | 2.9(2.5–3.9) | 0.661 |
Cisatracurium (mg/kg) | 0.6(0.5–0.8) | 0.7(0.5–0.9) | 0.7(0.4–0.8) | 0.856 |
Duration of surgery (min) | 235 (196–291) | 240 (203–280) | 245 (210–286) | 0.851 |
Duration of CPB (min) | 116 (93–140) | 117 (95–155) | 123 (90–154) | 0.737 |
Duration of ACC (min) | 77 (65–105) | 83 (60–110) | 83 (60–113) | 0.661 |
ACC ≥ 90 min, n (%) | 62 (44.9) | 50 (36.2) | 60 (43.8) | 0.281 |
Application of NIV in ICU, n (%) | 51 (36.9%) | 64 (46.4%) | 47 (34.3%) | 0.098 |
Intraoperative infusion (L) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 0.532 |
Allogeneic RBC (u) | 2 (0–6) | 2 (0–8) | 1 (0–8) | 0.121 |