Fig. 1

Survival outcomes. Kaplan–Meier estimation of VATS group showed better overall survival and similar recurrence-free survival than the thoracotomy group in unmatched cohort. a After propensity score matching (1:1), the survival curve showed that there were no significant differences in overall and recurrence-free survivals between the VATS and thoracotomy groups. b VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; CI, confidence interval