Table 1 Characteristics of the patients at baseline
Characteristic | Pre-op levosimendan (n = 40) | No-levosimendan (n = 22) | Total (n = 62) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age—yr | 57.3 (51.3–62.9) | 57.2 (52.6–65.1) | 57.2 (51.7–63.1) | 0.79 |
Male sex | 33 (82.5) | 22 (100) | 55 (88.7) | 0.04 |
HF etiology | 0.16 | |||
ICMP | 18 (45) | 14 (63.6) | 32 (51.6) | |
DCM | 21 (52.5) | 7 (31.8) | 28 (45.1) | |
NYHA class | 0.003 | |||
3B | 2 (5) | 8 (36.4) | 10 (16.1) | |
4 | 38 (95) | 14 (63.6) | 52 (83.9) | |
INTERMACS score | 0.08 | |||
2 | 17 (42.5) | 6 (27.3) | 23 (37.1) | |
3 | 9 (22.5) | 2 (9.1) | 11 (17.7) | |
4 | 14 (35) | 14 (63.6) | 28 (45.2) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 17 (42.5) | 9 (40.9) | 26 (41.9) | 0.9 |
Chronic kidney disease | 13 (32.5) | 11 (50) | 24 (38.7) | 0.17 |
Creatinine—mg/dL | 0.98 (0.73–1.39) | 1.3 (1.09–1.6) | 1.15 (0.83–1.44) | 0.01 |
MDRD—mL/min/1.73 m2 | 78.4 (55.9–105.9) | 61.5 (47.5–76.0) | 68.2 (52.4–97.9) | 0.029 |
Bilirubin—mg/dL | 0.8 (0.56–1.17) | 0.86 (0.68–1.7) | 0.8 (0.62–1.24) | 0.27 |
Albumin—g/dL | 3.7 (3.4–4.0) | 4 (3.6–4.4) | 3.8 (3.4–4.1) | 0.024 |
Echocardiography | ||||
EF—% | 15 (10–20) | 17.5 (12.2–25.0) | 15 (10–20.5) | 0.27 |
MR—above moderate | 18 (45) | 7 (31.8) | 25 (40.3) | 0.31 |
TR—above moderate | 4 (10) | 3 (13.6) | 7 (11.3) | 0.69 |
Enlarged RV | 18 (40) | 7 (31.8) | 25 (40.3) | 0.31 |
RV function | 0.15 | |||
Normal | 6 (15) | 8 (36.4) | 14 (22.6) | |
Mild reduction | 13 (32.5) | 5 (22.7) | 18 (29) | |
Moderate–severe reduction | 21 (52.5) | 9 (40.9) | 30 (48.4) | |
SPAP—mmHg | 55 (50.25–60) | 53 (41–60) | 54.5 (48.75–60) | 0.55 |
Right heart catheterization | ||||
CO—l/min | 2.93 (2.48–3.67) | 3.19 (2.53–3.69) | 2.98 (2.5–3.68) | 0.48 |
PCWP—mmHg | 28 (23.75–31.5) | 23.5 (18.75–30.25) | 27 (21.25–31) | 0.047 |
mPA—mmHg | 41.5 (34.5–46) | 33 (30.5–46.5) | 40 (33–46) | 0.32 |
mRA—mmHg | 10 (7–13) | 8 (4–16.5) | 9.5 (6–13) | 0.56 |
RA/PCWP | 0.37 (0.27–0.47) | 0.37 (0.25–0.46) | 0.37 (0.25–0.46) | 0.98 |
PAPi | 3.75 (2.79–5.21) | 4.75 (3.15–12) | 4.5 (2.8–10.7) | 0.21 |
PVR—wood units | 3.17 (2.42–4.87) | 4.02 (2.19–6.13) | 3.41 (2.4–5.16) | 0.43 |