Table 2 Baseline characteristics

Demographics

 Age (mean ± SD)

79.07 ± 7.14

79.42 ± 7.84

78.88 ± 6.77

0.669

 Men

73 (52.1%)

22 (44%)

51 (56.7%)

0.151

 Ethnic origin (white)

139 (99.3%)

50 (100%)

89 (98.9%)

0.454

 Weight (kg) (mean ± SD)

71.56 ± 19.1

73.06 ± 23.2

70.59 ± 16.1

0.478

 Height (m) (mean ± SD)

164 ± 0.96

1.63 ± 0.10

1.64 ± 0.93

0.322

Risk factors

 Diabetes mellitus

31 (22.1%)

13 (26%)

18 (20%)

0.413

 Current or ex-smoker

89 (63.6%)

31 (62%)

58 (64.4%)

0.855

 Creatinine (μmol/l) (mean ± SD)

102.89 ± 44.020

103.22 ± 45.925

102.7 ± 43.187

0.947

 On dialysis

1 (0.7%)

1 (2%)

0 (0%)

0.357

 Previous MI

37 (26.4%)

10 (20%)

27 (30%)

0.234

 History of pulmonary disease

46 (32.9%)

17 (34%)

29 (32.2%)

0.710

 Severe liver disease

1 (0.7%)

0 (0%)

1 (1.1%)

1.000

 History of neurological disease

27 (19.3%)

11 (12%)

16 (17.8%)

0.655

 Extracardiac arteriopathy

116 (82.9%)

37 (74%)

79 (87.8%)

0.059

 Poor mobility

29 (20.7%)

12 (24%)

17 (18.9%)

0.460

 Extensive calcification of ascending aorta

30 (21.4%)

13 (26%)

17 (18.9%)

0.391

 Logistic EuroSCORE (%)(mean ± SD)

32.21 ± 19.82

27.31 ± 19.44

34.92 ± 19.61

0.029

Previous interventions

 Previous cardiac surgery

51 (36.4%)

9 (18%)

42 (46.7%)

0.001

 Balloon valvuloplasty prior to TAVI

8 (5.7%)

3 (6%)

5 (5.6%)

1.000

 Previous TAVI

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

NS

 Previous PCI

30 (21.4%)

10 (20%)

20 (22.2%)

0.832

Clinical status

 Critical pre-operative status

73 (52.1%)

22 (44.0%)

51 (52.1%)

0.162

 CCS Angina Status

  0

101 (72%)

36 (72%)

65 (72%)

1.000

  I

22 (15.7%)

7 (14%)

15 (16.7%)

0.810

  II

10 (7.1%)

6 (12%)

4 (4.4%)

0.167

  III

7 (5%)

1 (2%)

6 (6.7%)

0.421

  IV

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

NS

 NYHA dyspnoea status

  I

5 (3.6%)

2 (4%)

3 (3.3%)

1.000

  II

4 (2.9%)

1 (2%)

3 (3.3%)

1.000

  III

85 (60.7%)

26 (52%)

59 (65.6%)

0.149

  IV

46 (32.9%)

21 (42%)

25 (27.8%)

0.094

Results of cardiac investigations

 Co-existing aortic regurgitation

8 (5.7%)

6 (12%)

2 (2.2%)

0.025

 Co-existing mitral regurgitation

78 (55.7%)

29 (58%)

49 (54.4%)

0.725

 One or more coronary vessels with > 50% diameter stenosis

76 (54.3%)

22 (44%)

54 (60%)

0.069

 Aortic valve mean gradient (mmHg) (mean ± SD)

44.23 ± 14.91

43.91 ± 16.99

44.41 ± 13.72

0.857

 Aortic valve peak gradient (mmHg) (mean ± SD)

75.38 ± 22.37

74.20 ± 25.37

76.07 ± 20.53

0.641

 LV function

  Good (LVEF ≥ 50%)

81 (57.9%)

32 ( 64%)

49 (54.4%)

0.290

  Fair (LVEF = 30–49%)

36 (25.7%)

10 (20%)

26 (28.9%)

0.314

  Poor (LVEF < 30%)

23 (16.4%)

8 (16%)

15 (16.7%)

1.000