Predictors of major adverse events and complications after ventricular septal defects surgical closure in children less than 10 kg

Table 4 Univariate analysis and multivariable regression analysis for the factors associated with prolonged ventilation

Prolonged ventilation
Univariate analysis						p value
Sex	Female	24	63.2	36	40.4	0.019*
Sex	Male	14	36.8	53	59.6	0.019*
Age at operation	Median (IQR)	7.0 (5.5–8.0)		9.0 (7.0–11.0)		0.004*
Weight at operation	Median (IQR)	5.3 (4.7–6.3)		6.0 (5.0–7.0)		0.071
Down Syndrome	No	34	89.5	54	60.7	< 0.001*
Down Syndrome	Yes	4	10.5	35	39.3	< 0.001*
Type of VSD	Others	4	10.5	12	13.5	0.369
	Inlet	9	23.7	35	39.3
	Outlet	12	31.6	18	20.2
	PM	11	28.9	19	21.3
	Multiple	2	5.3	5	5.6
Associated CHD	No	15	39.5	37	41.6	0.826
Associated CHD	Yes	23	60.5	52	58.4	0.826
Right ventricular hypertrophy	No	35	92.1	66	74.2	< 0.001*
Right ventricular hypertrophy	Yes	3	7.9	23	25.8	< 0.001*
Pulmonary artery banding	No	36	94.7	65	73.0	0.006*
Pulmonary artery banding	Yes	2	5.3	24	27.0	0.006*
VSD Repair	Interrupted	20	52.6	51	57.3	0.627
VSD Repair	Continuous	18	47.4	38	42.7	0.627
Significant intraoperative Residual VSD	No	37	97.4	76	85.4	0.039*
Significant intraoperative Residual VSD	Yes	1	2.6	13	14.6	0.039*
Cross clamp time (Minutes)	Median (IQR)	52.5 (41.0–60.0)		64.0 (53.0–79.0)		< 0.001*
Total CPB time (Minutes)	Median (IQR)	72.5 (63.0–83.0)		90.0 (78.0–115.0)		< 0.001*

Multivariable logistic regression analysis
Risk factors	Beta coefficient	p value	Odds ratio	95% CI Odds ratio
Age at operation time	0.130	0.075	1.139	0.987–1.314
Trisomy 21 syndrome	1.737	0.005*	5.678	1.709–18.859
Cross clamp time	0.055	< 0.001*	1.056	1.027–1.087

IQR interquartile range, VSD ventricular septal defect, CHD congenital heart disease, CPB cardiopulmonary bypass;
^*significant at p < 0.05

ISSN: 1749-8090