Table 1 Propensity score matching (PSM) of both groups for pre- and intraoperative variables
Pre-operative | Comparisons before matching | Comparisons after matching 1:2 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | LA | TS | p value | SD | LA | TS | p value | SD |
n = 107 | n = 103 | n = 96 | n = 69 | |||||
Sex (male) | 65 (60.7) | 67 (65) | 0.519 | 0.09 | 59 (61.5) | 41 (59.4) | 0.792 | − 0.045 |
Age (years) | 62 (53–72) | 65 (54–72) | 0.851 | − 0.016 | 64 (53–72) | 64 (54–72) | 0.939 | 0.001 |
LVEF (%) | 41 (30–58) | 50 (30–60) | 0.33 | 0.119 | 42 (34–60) | 50 (30–60) | 0.762 | 0.01 |
PASP (mmHg) | 38 (30–55) | 50 (35–65) | 0.001 | 0.421 | 40 (30–56) | 43 (30–60) | 0.375 | 0.027 |
Left atrial diameter (mm) | 44 (39–50) | 44 (39–48) | 0.946 | 0.041 | 44 (39–50) | 44 (38–48) | 0.962 | 0.016 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1 (0.9–1) | 1 (0.9–1) | 0.207 | − 0.042 | 1 (0.9–1) | 1 (1–1.1) | 0.169 | 0.005 |
PreOP haematocrit (%) * | 41.1 (3.5) | 40.9 (4.3) | 0.706 | − 0.056 | 40.9 (3.3) | 41 (4.2) | 0.984 | 0.042 |
Mitral stenosis | 0.632 | 0.83 | ||||||
Absent | 92 (86) | 89 (86.4) | – | 83 (86.5) | 60 (87) | – | ||
Moderate | 7 (6.5) | 9 (8.7) | 0.007 | 7 (7.3) | 6 (8.7) | 0 | ||
Severe | 8 (7.5) | 5 (4.9) | − 0.121 | 6 (6.3) | 3 (4.3) | − 0.067 | ||
Mitral regurgitation | 0.608 | 1 | ||||||
Absent | 2 (1.9) | 4 (3.9) | – | 2 (2.1) | 2 (2.9) | – | ||
Mild | 8 (7.5) | 11 (10.7) | 0.103 | 8 (8.3) | 6 (8.7) | 0 | ||
Moderate | 67 (62.6) | 57 (55.3) | -0.146 | 60 (62.5) | 42 (60.9) | 0 | ||
Severe | 30 (28) | 31 (30.1) | 0.045 | 26 (27.1) | 19 (27.5) | 0 | ||
Aortic valve disease | 0.89 | 0.924 | ||||||
Absent | 63 (64.5) | 61 (59.2) | 61 (63.5) | 41 (59.4) | ||||
Stenosis | 6 (5.6) | 7 (6.8) | - | 6 (6.3) | 6 (8.7) | – | ||
Insufficiency | 23 (21.5) | 25 (24.3) | 0.064 | 21 (21.9) | 16 (23.2) | 0.034 | ||
Double injury | 9 (8.4) | 10 (9.7) | 0.044 | 8 (8.3) | 6 (8.7) | − 0.049 | ||
Tricuspid valve disease > moderate | 43 (40.2) | 51 (49.5) | 0.174 | 0.186 | 39 (40.6) | 31 (44.9) | 0.581 | 0.014 |
Coronary disease | 55 (51.4) | 51 (49.5) | 0.785 | − 0.038 | 47 (49) | 34 (49.3) | 0.968 | 0.029 |
3 Vessel disease and left main trunk | 19 (17.8) | 28 (27.2) | 0.101 | 0.211 | 19 (19.8) | 16 (23.2) | 0.599 | 0.032 |
Euroscore II risk (%) | 3.5 (2.6–7.6) | 4.3 (3.1–8.1) | 0.213 | − 0.087 | 3.5 (2.6–7) | 4.2 (3.2–7.7) | 0.133 | 0.043 |
Diabetes mellitus | 26 (24.3) | 25 (24.3) | 0.996 | − 0.001 | 23 (24) | 16 (23.2) | 0.909 | 0 |
Arterial hypertension | 73 (68.2) | 62 (60.2) | 0.225 | − 0.163 | 66 (68.8) | 46 (66.7) | 0.777 | − 0.029 |
COPD | 14 (13.1) | 18 (17.5) | 0.376 | 0.115 | 14 (14.6) | 10 (14.5) | 0.987 | 0 |
Stroke | 5 (4.7) | 7 (6.8) | 0.508 | 0.084 | 5 (5.2) | 5 (7.2) | 0.743 | 0.057 |
CKD | 13 (12.1) | 11 (10.7) | 0.738 | − 0.047 | 13 (13.5) | 9 (13) | 0.926 | 0.047 |
PAD | 3 (2.8) | 3 (2.9) | 1 | 0.006 | 3 (3.1) | 3 (4.3) | 0.695 | 0.043 |
Beta-blockers | 65 (60.7) | 55 (53.4) | 0.282 | − 0.147 | 57 (59.4) | 38 (55.1) | 0.633 | − 0.043 |
Statins | 62 (57.9) | 52 (50.5) | 0.278 | − 0.148 | 54 (56.3) | 37 (53.6) | 0.738 | − 0.014 |
Mitral intervention | 0.189 | 0.683 | ||||||
Mitral valve repair | 56 (52.3) | 41 (39.8) | – | 49 (51) | 31 (44.9) | – | ||
Biological prosthesis | 44 (41.1) | 54 (52.4) | 0.225 | 41 (42.7) | 32 (46.4) | 0.014 | ||
Mechanical prosthesis | 7 (6.5) | 8 (7.8) | 0.046 | 6 (6.3) | 6 (8.7) | 0.054 | ||
CABG | 53 (49.5) | 51 (49.5) | 0.998 | 0 | 46 (47.9) | 33 (47.8) | 0.991 | 0.014 |
Aortic valve replacement | 22 (20.6) | 32 (31.1) | 0.082 | 0.226 | 21 (21.9) | 19 (27.5) | 0.403 | 0.078 |
Tricuspid intervention | 8 (7.5) | 21 (20.4) | 0.007 | 0.319 | 7 (7.3) | 6 (8.7) | 0.741 | − 0.036 |
Cardioplegia | 0.535 | 0.726 | ||||||
St Thomas Solution | 32 (29.9) | 25 (24.3) | 29 (30.2) | 15 (21.7) | ||||
Del Nido | 25 (23.4) | 22 (21.4) | – | 22 (22.9) | 15 (21.7) | – | ||
HTK Solution | 15 (14) | 13 (12.6) | – | 12 (12.5) | 10 (14.5) | – | ||
Sanguineous | 22 (20.6) | 32 (31.1) | – | 21 (21.9) | 20 (29) | – | ||
Others | 13 (12.1) | 11 (10.7) | – | 12 (12.5) | 9 (13) | - | ||