Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics for unmatched cohort and propensity-matched groups
Variables | Original cohort (n = 245) | Propensity-matched cohort (n = 203) | SMD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R/S group (n = 115) | C/N group (n = 130) | p value | R/S group (n = 91) | C/N group (n = 112) | p value | ||
Patient-related | |||||||
Age (y) | 71.7 ± 6.1 | 70.5 ± 6.1 | 0.110 | 71.1 ± 6.0 | 71.0 ± 5.9 | 0.883 | 0.042 |
Male gender (%) | 70 (60.9) | 77 (59.2) | 0.794 | 53 (58.2) | 66 (58.9) | 0.921 | 0.022 |
(kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 3.4 | 23.4 ± 3.5 | 0.812 | 23.4 ± 3.5 | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 0.999 | 0.009 |
Smoking (%) | 34 (29.6) | 32 (24.6) | 0.383 | 22 (24.2) | 29 (25.9) | 0.779 | 0.048 |
NYHA functional class | 4 [3–4] | 3 [3–4] | 0.005 | 4 [3–4] | 3 [3–4] | 0.254 | 0.045 |
EuroSCORE II (%) | 10.53 ± 7.77 | 9.90 ± 6.36 | 0.487 | 10.08 ± 7.43 | 10.21 ± 6.45 | 0.887 | 0.040 |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 55 ± 13 | 57 ± 12 | 0.278 | 55 ± 13 | 56 ± 12 | 0.498 | 0.053 |
 > 0.5 | 80 (69.6) | 95 (73.1) | 0.574 | 64 (70.3) | 80 (71.4) | 0.918 | – |
 0.3–0.5 | 32 (27.8) | 31 (23.8) |  | 25 (27.5) | 28 (25.0) |  | – |
 < 0.3 | 3 (2.6) | 4 (3.1) |  | 2 (2.2) | 4 (3.6) |  | – |
Preop. hemoglobin | 130 ± 21 | 132 ± 17 | 0.214 | 131 ± 20 | 131 ± 17 | 0.901 | 0.012 |
CK-MB | 2.08 ± 1.26 | 1.91 ± 1.45 | 0.659 | 2.15 ± 1.33 | 1.85 ± 1.21 | 0.094 | 0.263 |
cTnT | 27.2 ± 28.2 | 22.1 ± 25.9 | 0.146 | 26.1 ± 28.9 | 21.4 ± 19.7 | 0.172 | 0.190 |
BNP | 2810 ± 4970 | 1855 ± 3035 | 0.067 | 2577 ± 5033 | 1869 ± 3041 | 0.218 | 0.143 |
Cr | 94 ± 47 | 89 ± 43 | 0.368 | 86 ± 29 | 90 ± 46 | 0.475 | 0.065 |
GFR | 70.41 ± 20.38 | 73.54 ± 16.94 | 0192 | 73.23 ± 17.85 | 72.78 ± 16.79 | 0.855 | 0.047 |
Aortic morbidity | |||||||
 Stenosis | 71 (61.7) | 77 (59.2) | 0.689 | 54 (59.3) | 66 (58.9) | 0.953 | – |
 0/1/2/3/4/5/6†| 44/7/1/4/1/56/2 | 53/3/0/7/8/55/0 | 0.525 | 37/3/0/4/1/44/2 | 46/3/0/6/7/50/0 | 0.569 | 0.075 |
 Regurgitation | 96 (83.5) | 103 (79.2) | 0.396 | 75 (82.4) | 91 (81.3) | 0.830 | – |
 0/1/2/3/4/5/6†| 19/18/6/10/19/39/4 | 27/11/8/11/23/48/2 | 0.990 | 16/13/6/7/17/29/3 | 21/11/8/8/20/43/1 | 0.722 | 0.055 |
 Both | 52 (45.2) | 50 (38.5) | 0.284 | 38 (41.8) | 45 (40.2) | 0.820 | 0.033 |
Preop. MV regurgitation | 53 (46.1) | 71 (54.6) | 0.183 | 43 (47.2) | 58 (51.8) | 0.521 | – |
 0/1/2/3/4/5/6†| 62/27/7/11/6/1/1 | 59/30/20/18/1/2/0 | 0.219 | 48/24/6/8/4/1/0 | 54/27/16/12/1/2/0 | 0.478 | 0.049 |
Preop. pulmonary hypertension | 8 (7.0) | 7 (5.4) | 0.609 | 6 (6.6) | 7 (6.3) | 0.921 | – |
 0/1/3/4/5†| 107/1/4/1/2 | 123/0/6/0/1 | 0.600 | 85/1/3/1/1 | 105/1/0/6/0 | 0.919 | 0.0001 |
Previous cardiac surgery‡ | 17 (14.8) | 20 (15.4) | 0.896 | 12 (13.2) | 18 (16.1) | 0.565 | 0.062 |
Comorbidities | |||||||
 Atrial fibrillation | 19 (16.5) | 16 (12.3) | 0.347 | 9 (9.9) | 15 (13.4) | 0.442 | 0.074 |
 Arterial hypertension | 59 (51.3) | 67 (51.5) | 0.971 | 46 (50.5) | 60 (53.6) | 0.668 | 0.044 |
 CAD | 47 (40.9) | 52 (40.0) | 0.890 | 38 (41.8) | 43 (38.4) | 0.626 | 0.067 |
 Diabetes | 18 (15.7) | 11 (8.5) | 0.082 | 10 (11.0) | 11 (9.8) | 0.784 | 0.015 |
 Previous stroke | 30 (25.6) | 19 (14.6) | 0.025 | 14 (15.4) | 19 (17.0) | 0.762 | 0.075 |
 CRF | 10 (8.7) | 7 (5.4) | 0.309 | 4 (4.4) | 7 (6.3) | 0.562 | 0.058 |
 COPD | 81 (70.4) | 96 (73.8) | 0.552 | 64 (70.3) | 81 (72.3) | 0.755 | 0.036 |
 Pulmonary infection | 11 (9.6) | 6 (4.6) | 0.128 | 5 (5.5) | 6 (5.4) | 0.966 | 0.019 |
 PASO | 61 (53.0) | 69 (53.1) | 0.996 | 45 (49.5) | 56 (50.0) | 0.938 | 0.044 |
Surgery-related | |||||||
Procedure status (urgent/emergent) | 6 (5.2) | 2 (1.5) | 0.106 | 3 (3.3) | 1 (0.9) | 0.220 | 0.098 |
Surgical time, min | 81.7 ± 23.2 | 82.0 ± 22.4 | 0.923 | 82.1 ± 24.2 | 82.3 ± 22.0 | 0.965 | 0.003 |
Intraoperative event | |||||||
 Cardioversion | 5 (4.3) | 2 (1.5) | 0.188 | 3 (3.3) | 2 (1.8) | 0.490 | 0.080 |
 Electric defibrillation | 7 (6.1) | 2 (1.5) | 0.059 | 5 (5.5) | 1 (0.9) | 0.054 | 0.206 |