Table 2 Postoperative pulmonary complication rate and secondary outcomes in the original cohort and propensity-matched cohort

Pulmonary complications

54 (47.0)

81 (62.3)

− 15.3 (− 27.7 to − 3.0)

0.016

41 (45.1)

69 (61.6)

− 16.5 (− 30.1 to − 2.9)

0.019

 Respiratory infection

10 (8.7)

23 (17.7)

− 9.0 (− 17.3 to − 0.3)

0.04

10 (11.0)

22 (19.6)

− 8.6 (− 18.4 to 1.2)

0.092

 Pleural effusion

18 (15.7)

43 (33.1)

− 17.4 (− 27.9 to − 6.9)

0.002

13 (14.3)

36 (32.1)

− 17.8 (− 28.1 to − 7.5)

0.003

 Atelectasis

2 (1.7)

6 (4.6)

− 2.9 (− 7.2 to 1.4)

0.206

2 (2.2)

5 (4.5)

− 2.3 (− 6.8 to 2.2)

0.379

 Pneumothorax

9 (7.8)

9 (6.9)

0.9 (− 5.7 to 7.5)

0.787

6 (6.6)

8 (7.1)

− 0.5 (− 6.8 to 5.8)

0.878

 Respiratory failure

33 (28.7)

43 (33.1)

− 4.4 (− 16.0 to 7.2)

24 (26.4)

36 (32.1)

− 5.7 (− 17.1 to 5.7)

0.370

  Noninvasive ventilation

33 (28.7)

42 (32.3)

− 3.5 (− 15.0 to 8.0)

0.540

24 (26.4)

35 (31.3)

− 4.9 (− 16.2 to 6.4)

0.447

  Reintubation

1 (0.9)

5 (3.8)

− 2.9 (− 6.6 to 0.8)

0.132

1 (1.1)

5 (4.5)

− 3.4 (− 7.4 to 0.6)

0.159

 Aspiration pneumonitis

0

0

n/a

n/a

0

0

n/a

n/a

 Bronchospasm

0

0

n/a

n/a

0

0

n/a

n/a

Extubation time (min)

7.1 ± 6.2

10.1 ± 8.0

− 3.0 (− 4.8 to − 1.2)

0.001

7.2 ± 6.2

10.3 ± 8.2

− 3.1 (− 5.1 to − 1.1)

0.003

LOS

 ICU, h

25.8 ± 19.8

25.0 ± 16.3

0.8 (− 3.8 to 5.4)

0.734

24.5 ± 17.1

25.2 ± 17.3

− 0.7 (− 5.5 to 4.1)

0.748

 Surgery completion to discharge, d

6.8 ± 3.0

7.9 ± 4.1

− 1.1 (− 2.0 to − 0.2)

0.025

6.9 ± 3.3

8.0 ± 4.0

− 1.1 (− 2.1 to − 0.1)

0.034