Minithoracotomy versus sternotomy in mitral valve surgery: meta-analysis from recent matched and randomized studies

Table 5 Summary of time-related outcomes and costs

Outcomes	N	Sample size		Statistics		Heterogeneity		Sub-group homogeneity	Publication bias
Outcomes	N	MiniTh (n)	Sternotomy (n)	Diff. in means	95% CI p-value	χ² test p-value	I² test (%)	Q test p-value	Eggers test p-value
Cross-Clamp time, min	16	5382	5445	20.7	14.9/26.4 0.001	0.001	96	0.87	0.001
CPB time, min	16	5382	5445	36.8	29.8/43.9 0.001	0.001	95	0.67	0.001
Total operative time, min	9	2173	2240	37.7	19.6/55.8 0.001	0.001	97	0.001	0.193
Ventilation time, hrs	8	1453	1520	− 4.6	− 10.6/1.4 0.13	0.001	99	0.001	0.469
ICU stay, days	14	4637	4700	− 0.6	− 1.1/− 0.21 0.001	0.001	98	0.48	0.473
Hospital stay, days	17	6100	6163	− 1.88	− 2.72/− 1.05 0.001	0.001	97	0.97	0.458
Total cost (USD)	5	1045	1112	− 4525	− 8725/− 326 0.03	0.001	92	0.13	0.222

N Number of series, MiniTh Mini-thoracotomy, Diff Difference, CI Confidence interval, CPB Cardio-pulmonary bypass, ICU Intensive care unit, USD US dollar

ISSN: 1749-8090