Table 2 Characteristics of 45 GGNs from 40 patients who underwent an unsuccessful preoperative procedure of CT-guided hookwire or coil localization and VATS
Characteristic | No. of lesions |
|---|---|
Marking material | |
Hookwire | 24 |
Coil | 21 |
The types of unsuccessful localization | |
Dislodgement | 15 |
Breakaway | 5 |
The distancemore more than 2 cm between the lesion and the tip of wires or coils | 7 |
Marking material in different lung lobes adjacent to GGN | 3 |
Pneumothorax | 15 |
Marking materials stuck into walls | 2 |
Remedies | |
palpation | 20 |
Resecting the highly suspected areas | 9 |
Segmentectomy | 7 |
Lobectomy | 9 |
Histological diagnosis | |
Interstitial fibrous tissue proliferation | 4 |
Atypical adenomatoid hyperplasia | 7 |
Adenocarcinoma in situ | 8 |
Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma | 10 |
Invasive adenocarcinoma. | 16 |