Table 1 Baseline and Characteristic

Age (year)

61.25 ± 13.16

60.45 ± 8.94

0.45

Gender (male)

282,45.5%

85,49.4%

0.39

Weight (kg)

64.72 ± 11.82

66.04 ± 14.23

0.22

Preoperative LVEF (%)

50 ± 11

50 ± 13

0.62

Preoperative LVDd (cm)

5.8 ± 0.9

5.8 ± 1.1

0.91

Preoperative cTnT (ug/L)

0.02 ± 0.02

0.02 ± 0.02

0.39

EuroSCORE

4.82 ± 3.45

4.39 ± 3.29

0.13

Previous Medical History

Myocardial infarction

3, 0.5%

0

0.36

Diabetes Mellitus (n,%)

45,7.2%

20,11.6%

0.05

Hypertension (n,%)

336,54.2%

79, 45.9%

0.02

Chronic Renal Failure (n,%)

0

3,1.7%

0.02

Liver diseases (n,%)

51, 8.2%

13,7.6%

0.75

Previous cardiac operation (n,%)

34,5.5%

6, 3.5%

0.27

Immunological diseases (n,%)

6, 0.97%

0

0.19

Atrial fibrillation (n,%)

334, 53.9%

68, 39.5%

< 0.01

Peripheral vascular diseases (n,%)

13, 2.1%

0

0.05

Blood products transfusion (n,%)

0

0

—

Heavily smoking (n,%)

72,11.6%

0

< 0.01

Excessive alcohol (n,%)

24, 3.9%

3,1.7%

0.24

Jinshuibao capsule use (n,%)

46, 7.4%

6, 3.5%

0.07

Aspirin use (n,%)

39, 6.3%

10, 5.8%

0.80

β-blocker (n,%)

212, 34.2%

67, 39.0%

0.27

Calcium channel blockers (n,%)

129, 20.8%

11, 6.4%

< 0.01

ACEI/ARB (n,%)

126, 20.3%

19, 11.1%

< 0.01

Statin (n,%)

15, 2.4%

15, 8.7%

< 0.01

Type of cardiac surgery (n,%)

0.02

AVR

21,3.4%

0

MVR

340, 54.8%

82, 47.7%

AVR + MVR

202, 32.6%

69, 40.1%

Aortic operation + AVR

57, 9.2%

21, 12.2%

Intraoperative AF ablation (n,%)

306, 49.4%

66, 38.4%

0.01

CPB time (minutes)

161.13 ± 74.83

169.86 ± 51.57

0.08

ACC time (minutes)

119.84 ± 65.42

127.51 ± 46.44

0.09