Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Total (n = 357) | Responders (n = 234) | Non-responders (n = 123) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 72.4 ± 7.9 | 71.9 ± 8.5 | 73.3 ± 6.3 | 0.095 |
Male | 204(57.1) | 138(59.0) | 66(53.7) | 0.335 |
BMI, kg/m² | 24.7 ± 3.6 | 24.6 ± 3.9 | 24.9 ± 3.0 | 0.412 |
STS PROM score | 6.7(5.6–7.2) | 6.7(5.6–7.2) | 6.7(5.7–7.3) | 0.287 |
NYHA functional class III or IV | 251(70.3) | 160(68.4) | 91(74.0) | 0.270 |
NT-proBNP at baseline, pg/ml | 1429.6(459.5–3416.0) | 2103.5(930.0-4561.7) | 421.0(252.0-1288.0) | < 0.001 |
NT-proBNP at discharge, pg/ml | 852.0(357.3–1818.0) | 707.6(302.0-1599.3) | 1009.0(573.0-2543.0) | < 0.001 |
Prior history | ||||
PCI | 51(14.3) | 30(12.8) | 21(17.1) | 0.275 |
CABG | 12(3.4) | 7(3.0) | 5(4.1) | 0.821 |
Stroke | 43(12.0) | 23(9.8) | 20(16.3) | 0.076 |
Permanent pacemaker | 6(1.7) | 6(2.6) | 0(0.0) | 0.097 |
Cancer | 20(5.6) | 11(4.7) | 9(7.3) | 0.307 |
Aortic valve surgery | 14(3.9) | 9(3.8) | 5(4.1) | 1.000 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertension | 211(59.1) | 121(51.7) | 90(73.2) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 84(23.5) | 51(21.8) | 33(26.8) | 0.287 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 138(38.7) | 81(34.6) | 57(46.3) | 0.031 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 13(3.6) | 8(3.4) | 5(4.1) | 0.990 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 45(12.6) | 20(8.5) | 25(20.3) | 0.001 |
Chronic heart failure | 25(7.0) | 22(9.4) | 3(2.4) | 0.014 |
Chronic kidney disease | 12(3.4) | 6(2.6) | 6(4.9) | 0.399 |
Liver disease | 4(1.1) | 3(1.3) | 1(0.8) | 1.000 |
Coronary artery disease | 138(38.7) | 92(39.3) | 46(37.4) | 0.724 |
Arrhythmia | ||||
Atrial fibrillation | 50(14.0) | 36(15.4) | 14(11.4) | 0.300 |
Other type of arrhythmia | 34(9.5) | 19(8.1) | 15(12.2) | 0.213 |
Pure aortic insufficiency | 29(8.1) | 10(4.3) | 19(15.4) | < 0.001 |
Echocardiographic assessment | ||||
LVEF, % | 60.0(50.0–65.0) | 58.0(44.5–63.0) | 63.0(60.0–68.0) | < 0.001 |
Maximum velocity, m/s | 4.5(3.9–5.1) | 4.6(4.0-5.2) | 4.2(3.2–4.8) | < 0.001 |
Aortic regurgitation ≥ moderate | 124(34.7) | 78(33.3) | 46(37.4) | 0.443 |
Mitral regurgitation ≥ moderate | 38(10.6) | 32(13.7) | 6(4.9) | 0.010 |
Tricuspid regurgitation ≥ moderate | 31(8.7) | 28(12.0) | 3(2.4) | 0.002 |
Pulmonary hypertension | 93(26.1) | 77(32.9) | 16(13.0) | < 0.001 |
Hospitalization length | ||||
Intensive care unit (days) | 1.0(1.0–3.0) | 1.0(1.0–3.0) | 1.0(1.0–2.0) | 0.441 |
Total length (days) | 12.0(9.0–17.0) | 12.0(9.0–15.0) | 14.0(11.0–19.0) | < 0.001 |