Table 2 Results of meta-analysis on patient-related and procedure-related risk factors for POCD (continuous and dichotomous variables)
Risk factors | No. of patients (POCD/no POCD) | No. of included studies | MD | Lower 95% CIs | Upper 95% CIs | I2 (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 163/917 | 13 | 0.65 | − 0.40 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.22 |
Cross-clamping duration (min) | 100/699 | 9 | 0.86 | − 0.55 | 2.27 | 11 | 0.23 |
Education years | 58/176 | 5 | − 0.38 | − 1.43 | 0.67 | 0 | 0.48 |
Mean degree of ICA stenosis n % | 40/223 | 4 | 5.06 | 0.86 | 9.27 | 62 | 0.02 |
BMI | 59/170 | 4 | − 0.33 | − 1.34 | 0.68 | 0 | 0.52 |
Risk factors | No. of patients (yes/no) | No. of included studies | ORs | Lower 95% CIs | Upper 95% CIs | I2 (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (male) | 2528/931 | 17 | 0.97 | 0.80 | 1.16 | 0 | 0.71 |
Diabetes | 471/1266 | 17 | 1.26 | 0.97 | 1.64 | 0 | 0.08 |
Hypertension | 1291/529 | 16 | 1.07 | 0.82 | 1.39 | 15 | 0.62 |
Previous MI | 242/705 | 4 | 0.92 | 0.43 | 1.98 | 39 | 0.83 |
Dyslipidaemia | 432/419 | 10 | 1.13 | 0.73 | 1.75 | 0 | 0.59 |
Statin use | 334/731 | 7 | 0.54 | 0.41 | 0.71 | 0 |  < 0.0001 |
Smoking | 676/367 | 7 | 1.06 | 0.78 | 1.44 | 0 | 0.69 |
Contralateral stenosis | 136/261 | 6 | 1.06 | 0.71 | 1.59 | 0 | 0.76 |
Pre-operative symptoms | 820/847 | 14 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 1.31 | 0 | 0.86 |
Hyperperfusion | 64/431 | 6 | 38.67 | 19.32 | 77.38 | 0 |  < 0.0001 |
Selective shunting use | 11/251 | 2 | 0.93 | 0.11 | 7.80 | 0 | 0.95 |