Table 1 Patient characteristics

Age (years)

Under 60

16 (15%)

22 (20%)

0.4125

60–69

21 (19%)

26 (24%)

70–79

43 (39%)

40 (37%)

Over 80

29 (27%)

21 (19%)

Sex (men), n (%)

67 (61.5%)

75 (68.8%)

0.2555

Body mass index (kg/m²)

23.1 ± 3.6

22.9 ± 3.7

0.6833

Hypertension, n (%)

80 (73.4%)

71 (65.1)

0.1865

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

53 (48.6%)

46 (42.2%)

0.3410

DM, n (%)

29 (26.6%)

20 (18.3%)

0.1442

Smoking history, n (%)

59 (54.1%)

59 (54.1%)

1.0000

HD, n (%)

2 (1.8%)

6 (5.5%)

0.1496

History of stroke, n (%)

9 (8.3%)

10 (9.2%)

0.8102

Orthopedic disease, n (%)

22 (20.2%)

16 (14.7%)

0.2841

Hb (g/dL)

12.7 ± 2.0

13.0 ± 1.9

0.1888

Platelet (x10³/µL)

20.7 ± 6.5

20.3 ± 5.6

0.6192

Alb (g/dL)

3.9 ± 0.5

4.0 ± 0.5

0.2320

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

57.9 ± 19.5

60.7 ± 22.6

0.3376

BNP (pg/mL)

238.4 ± 553.1

246.7 ± 491.4

0.9136

PT (sec)

13.1 ± 2.2

12.9 ± 2.5

0.5298

PT-INR

1.22 ± 0.30

1.30 ± 0.46

0.1137

APTT (sec)

34.8 ± 9.0

34.1 ± 6.1

0.4794

HbA1c (%)

6.0 ± 1.0

5.9 ± 0.7

0.4071

Ejection fraction (%)

63.2 ± 12.7

62.3 ± 14.4

0.6304

Preoperative drugs

Aspirin

23 (21.1%)

27 (24.7%)

0.5191

Clopidogrel

10 (9.2%)

11 (10.1%)

0.8184

Warfarin

3 (2.8%)

6 (5.5%)

0.3071

NOAC

17 (15.6%)

13 (11.9%)

0.4316

Diagnosis

 Ischemic

21 (19%)

25 (23%)

0.8254

 Aortic Stenosis

21 (19%)

17 (15%)

 Aortic Regurgitation

11 (10%)

12 (11%)

 Mitral Stenosis

1 (1%)

3 (3%)

 Mitral Regurgitation

23 (21%)

22 (20%)

 Aneurysm

19 (18%)

14 (13%)

 Dissection

10 (9%)

10 (9%)

 Others

3 (3%)

6 (6%)

Pre-operative SPPB

11.3 ± 1.4

11.3 ± 1.3

0.8575

Euro Score (%)

6.7 ± 9.7

5.7 ± 6.8

0.3904