Fig. 3

EPS, transapical access and mapping of ventricular tachycardia, and RF ablation. EPS was done and showed easily inducible VT, originated mainly from posterior aspect of LV apex A. Echocardiography showed aneurysmal LV apex B and the surgeon made an incision in the left thorax with the guide of echocardiography at LV apex C and inserted the ablation catheter using the modified Seldinger approach. Left ventriculography was done to prevent inadvertent contact between the ablation catheter and the metallic prosthetic valves D. RF ablation was done and VT was terminated E. Voltage mapping of LV aneurysm and epicardium along with RF ablation spots