Table 1 Baseline characteristics comparison between two groups of patients

N

399

142

Age (years)

63.91 ± 8.91

67.30 ± 7.97

 < 0.001

Male, n (%)

317 (79.4)

98 (69.0)

0.016

BMI (kg/m²)

24.50 ± 3.07

23.48 ± 3.19

0.001

Smoking history, n (%)

147 (36.8)

45 (31.7)

0.317

Previous PTCA, n (%)

53 (13.3)

14 (9.9)

0.360

Previous surgery, n (%)

130 (32.6)

53 (37.3)

0.356

Underlying disease

Hypertension, n (%)

260 (65.2)

98 (69.0)

0.466

Diabetes, n (%)

113 (28.3)

50 (35.2)

0.153

Pneumonia, n (%)

55 (13.8)

30 (21.1)

0.054

Cerebrovascular desease, n (%)

35 (8.8)

10 (7.0)

0.643

MI, n (%)

88 (22.1)

30 (21.1)

0.911

CHF, n (%)

63 (15.8)

32 (22.5)

0.092

AF, n (%)

20 (5.0)

4 (2.8)

0.393

LVEF (%)

0.62 ± 0.10

0.61 ± 0.10

0.830

Preoperative medicine use

Statin, n (%)

383 (96.0)

136 (95.8)

1.000

LMWH, n (%)

381 (95.5)

136 (95.8)

1.000

Aspirin, n (%)

243 (60.9)

89 (62.7)

0.785

Clopidogrel, n (%)

195 (48.9)

66 (46.5)

0.695

β-blocker, n (%)

274 (68.7)

100 (70.4)

0.778

ACEI, n (%)

189 (47.4)

60 (42.3)

0.341

Preoperative laboratory indicators

WBC, (× 10¹²/L)

6.40 (5.20, 7.70)

6.25 (5.30, 7.48)

0.409

PLT, (× 10⁹/L)

190.00 (163.00, 232.50)

188.00 (159.25, 224.00)

0.545

Platelet distribution width, (fL)

16.76 ± 1.01

16.75 ± 0.63

0.883

Platelet volume, (fL)

9.29 ± 1.18

9.22 ± 1.23

0.550

PCT, (%)

39.76 ± 4.60

36.38 ± 5.33

 < 0.001

PT, (s)

11.47 ± 1.02

11.69 ± 1.02

0.032

INR

1.01 ± 0.88

1.02 ± 0.82

0.229

Fibrinogen, (mg/dL)

420.00 (350.50, 494.00)

430.00 (370.00, 520.00)

0.087

Hemoglobin, (g/dL)

13.35 ± 1.60

12.18 ± 1.80

 < 0.001

Total protein, (g/dL)

6.69 ± 0.57

6.63 ± 0.63

0.246

Albumin, (g/dL)

3.99 ± 0.41

3.84 ± 0.42

 < 0.001

Glucose, (mmol/L)

5.60 (4.93, 6.81)

5.36 (4.80, 6.43)

0.086

Sodium, (mmol/L)

140.93 ± 2.61

140.38 ± 3.02

0.037

Potassium, (mmol/L)

4.01 ± 0.33

4.02 ± 0.44

0.702

Creatinine, (mmol/L)

2.24 ± 0.12

2.23 ± 0.13

0.237

BUN, (mmol/L)

5.40 (4.45, 6.40)

5.90 (4.90, 7.40)

 < 0.001

Creatinine, (μmol/L)

73.00 (63.00, 84.00)

80.00 (66.00, 100.50)

 < 0.001

D-dimer, (µg/mL)

142.00 (82.50, 148.30)

148.30 (101.25, 202.75)

 < 0.001

HDL-C, (mmol/L)

0.98 (0.87, 1.13)

1.00 (0.89, 1.21)

0.068

LDL-C, (mmol/L)

2.39 (1.91, 3.14)

2.40 (1.86, 3.04)

0.503

HSCP, (mg/L)

0.02 (0.01,0.05)

0.02 (0.01, 0.07)

0.061

ALT, (IU/L)

23.00 (17.00, 35.50)

20.00 (13.00, 31.00)

0.003

AST, (IU/L)

22.00 (18.00, 31.00)

22.00 (18.00, 33.00)

0.564

Operation time, (min)

281.00 (249.50, 320.00)

297.00 (265.00, 333.00)

 < 0.001

Multiarterial grafting, n (%)

311 (77.9%)

117 (82.4%)

0.263

Intraoperative heparin dosage, (mg)

150.00 (110.00, 170.00)

150.00 (125.00, 200.00)

0.347

Intraoperative protamine dosage, (mg)

150.00 (100.00, 175.00)

150.00 (125.00, 200.00)

0.009

Cycle, n (%)

0.219

2012–2016

184 (46.1%)

74 (52.1%)

2018–2022

215 (53.9%)

68 (47.8%)