Table 1 Included study characteris
Trial/author, year [reference] | Sample size | Male/female | Age (y) | Type of surgery | Timing | GDFT technology | Control group | Hemodynamic monitor | Interventions | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control group | GDFT group | Control group | GDFT group | ||||||||
Xu et al. [13] | 168 | 56/28 | 54/30 | 49 ± 5 | 49 ± 6 | Thoracoscopic lobectomy | Intraoperative | 10% < SVV < 13% Cardiac index ≥ 2.5L/min/m2 | Conventional fluid management according to the principles of Miller’s Anesthesia or used vasoactive substances if necessary | FloT rac/Vigileo device | Fluids, inotropes, and vasopressors |
Bahlmann et al. [15] | 59 | 21/8 | 24/6 | 66 ± 10 | 65 ± 7 | Ivor Lewis oesophageal resection, McKeown oesophageal resection and left thoraco-abdominal approach | Intraoperative | SV optimisation, Cardiac index ≥ 2.5 L/min/m2 Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of at least 65 mmHg | The responsible anesthetist determined the fluid administration rate and use of vasoconstrictors and inotropes | A FloTrac pressure transducer Vigileo monitor | Fluids, inotropes, and vasopressors |
Kaufmann et al. [14] | 96 | 27/21 | 26/22 | 65 (55–74) | 65 (56–70) | Lung parenchyma resection,via thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopy | Intraoperative | SV optimisation, Cardiac index ≥ 2.5L/min/m2 Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of at least 70 mmHg | Conventional fluid and hemodynamic management according to standard operating procedures | Oesophageal Doppler guided | Fluids, inotropes, and vasopressors |
Mukai et al. [19] | 232 | 96 | 91 | 36 ± 82 | 42 ± 83 | Open trans-thoracic oesophagectomy or thoraco-laparoscopic oesophagectomy | Intraoperative | SV optimisation, SVV < 12%, SBP > 90 mmHg | Intraoperative hemodynamic management sought to maintain a systolic BP > 90 mm Hg | Vigileo-FloTrac system | Fluids, inotropes, and vasopressors |
Zhang et al. [18] | 60 | 14/16 | 12/18 | 61.0 ± 8.7 | 59.9 ± 8.9 | Thoracoscopic lobectomy | Intraoperative | GDFT technology | Control group | Vigileo-FloTrac system | Fluids, inotropes, and vasopressors |
Wei Tang et al. [20] | 65 | 23/9 | 28/5 | 70 ± 5 | 69 ± 3 | Three-stage esophagectomy through the modified McKeown thoracoscopic, laparoscopic and cervical approach | Intraoperative | SVV optimization, SVV < 9% | Conventional fluid management | Pulse-contour analysis catheter (PiCCO™, pv2014L16-A, 4F) | Fluids, inotropes, and vasopressors |