Fig. 1

The inactivated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and the enhanced pyroptosis and inflammatory response in COPD mice. A Lung function test revealed the enhanced airway resistance of COPD mice. B, C Western blot of lung tissues indicated the inactivated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway (B) and the enhanced expression of NLRP3 and pyroptosis-related proteins (C) in COPD mice. D ELISA of the alveolar lavage fluid implied the increased level of proinflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-6) in COPD mice. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 vs. Control group