Table 1 Preoperative patient characteristics

Age (year)

67.6 ± 9.7

73.6 ± 9.3

< 0.001

0.631

69.1 ± 9.7

68.9 ± 10.4

0.675

0.020

Sex (male)

361 (83.0%)

121 (71.6%)

0.004

0.275

482.90 (80.5%)

505.88 (81.4%)

0.702

0.023

Body mass index (kg/m²)

23.8 ± 3.0

23.1 ± 3.7

0.028

0.208

23.7 ± 3.1

23.8 ± 3.5

0.465

0.030

Hypertension

302 (69.4%)

130 (76.9%)

0.057

0.170

430.34 (71.8%)

435.13 (70.0%)

0.500

0.040

Diabetes mellitus

230 (52.9%)

93 (55.0%)

0.634

0.042

324.49 (54.1%)

357.08 (57.4%)

0.191

0.066

Dyslipidemia

242 (55.6%)

86 (50.9%)

0.294

0.094

324.49 (54.1%)

338.99 (54.5%)

0.881

0.008

Smoking history

274 (63.0%)

84 (49.7%)

0.003

0.271

363.77 (60.7%)

378.78 (60.9%)

0.921

0.004

Previous CVD

48 (11.0%)

23 (13.6%)

0.379

0.079

70.42 (11.7%)

75.02 (12.1%)

0.860

0.012

Previous PCI

134 (30.8%)

39 (23.1%)

0.050

0.174

174.30 (29.1%)

156.90 (25.2%)

0.134

0.088

PAD

23 (5.3%)

12 (7.1%)

0.393

0.075

37.56 (6.3%)

37.19 (6.0%)

0.838

0.012

Three-vessel disease

325 (74.7%)

135 (79.9%)

0.167

0.124

456.98 (76.2%)

461.90 (74.3%)

0.444

0.044

Hemoglobin A1c (%)

6.4 ± 1.2

6.3 ± 1.0

0.380

0.091

6.4 ± 1.1

6.4 ± 1.0

0.797

0.019

eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m²

57 (13.1%)

41 (24.3%)

0.003

0.290

99.32 (16.6%)

108.42 (17.4%)

0.683

0.021

Emergency operation

129 (29.7%)

91 (53.8%)

< 0.001

0.504

213.18 (35.5%)

199.87 (32.2%)

0.210

0.070

Acute MI

128 (29.4%)

67 (39.6%)

0.020

0.216

194.54 (32.4%)

178.98 (28.8%)

0.167

0.078

LVEF < 50%

135 (31.0%)

76 (45.0%)

0.002

0.291

210.05 (35.0%)

212.25 (34.1%)

0.747

0.019

Preoperative IABP

57 (13.1%)

54 (32.0%)

< 0.001

0.464

108.14 (18.0%)

107.53 (17.3%)

0.737

0.018

STS score (%)

1.33 (0.72–2.68)

3.42 (1.70–9.12)

< 0.001

0.716

1.60 (0.84–3.39)

1.84 (0.81–4.01)

0.090

0.098

EuroSCORE II (%)

1.70 (1.05–3.43)

4.18 (1.95–14.00)

< 0.001

0.630

2.07 (1.14–5.18)

2.12 (1.04–5.25)

0.532

0.036