Table 2 Patient characteristics and surgical data

Clinical data

 Age, years

64 ± 9

63 ± 9

0.80

 Male sex

34 (72%)

15 (83%)

0.34

 Body surface area, m [²]

1.6 ± 0.2

1.6 ± 0.1

0.60

Medical history and presentation at baseline

  NYHA functional class III or IV

43 (91%)

17 (94%)

0.68

  Logistic EuroSCORE II

6.2 [3.8–11.2]

7.6 [3.1–9.1]

0.90

  Chronic kidney disease stage 4 or 5

16 (34%)

1 (6%)

0.010

  Diabetes mellitus

13 (28%)

3 (17%)

0.34

  Atrial fibrillation

24 (51%)

5 (28%)

0.086

  Hypertension

12 (26%)

6 (33%)

0.53

  Previous CRT

9 (19%)

5 (28%)

0.46

Medication at baseline

 Beta-blocker

35 (74%)

10 (83%)

0.51

  ACE inhibitor or angiotensin-receptor blocker

27 (57%)

14 (82%)

0.057

  Diuretic

40 (85%)

18 (100%)

0.032

Echocardiography at baseline

  LV end-diastolic volume index, ml/m²

162 ± 52

187 ± 42

0.082

  LV end-systolic volume index, ml/m²

123 ± 47

147 ± 37

0.055

  Ejection fraction, %

27 ± 8

25 ± 6

0.41

  Left atrial dimension, mm

49 ± 8

57 ± 11

0.005

  Mitral regurgitation grade

0.21

   Moderate

21 (45%)

5 (28%)

   Severe

26 (55%)

13 (72%)

 Tricuspid regurgitation grade

0.55

   Mild

20 (43%)

11 (65%)

   Moderate

14 (30%)

2 (12%)

   Severe

5 (11%)

2 (12%)

 Pulmonary artery systolic pressure, mmHg

45 ± 14

41 ± 9

0.32

Surgical data

 Papillary muscle approximation

22 (47%)

0.14

 Chordal sparing

18 (100%)

0.92

 Mitral ring/valve size

 24 mm

18 (38%)

 25 mm

1 (6%)

 26 mm

22 (47%)

 27 mm

10 (56%)

 28 mm

6 (13%)

 29 mm

6 (33%)

 30 mm

1 (2%)

 31 mm

1 (6%)

 Ring size, mm

26 ± 1

28 ± 1

Concomitant procedures

 Tricuspid valve repair

33 (70%)

9 (50%)

0.13

 Atrial maze

16 (34%)

1 (6%)

0.010

Surgical era

< 0.001

 Before Jun. 2008

31 (66%)

2 (11%)

 After July. 2008

16 (34%)

16 (89%)