Table 1 Characteristics of total patients and by group according to demographic, preoperative, and intraoperative data a
From: Predictors of temporary epicardial pacing wires use after valve surgery
Variable | Total | Group 1 | Group 2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | (n = 400) | (n = 170) | (n = 230) |  |
Age (year) | Â | Â | Â | < 0.005 |
  < 40 | 78 (19.5) | 62 (79.5) | 16 (20.5) |  |
  40 – 59 | 187 (46.8) | 88 (47.1) | 99 (52.9) |  |
  ≥ 60 | 135 (33.7) | 20 (14.8) | 115 (85.2) |  |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | 0.141 |
  Female | 177 (44.3) | 68 (38.4) | 109 (61.6) |  |
  Male | 223 (55.7) | 102 (45.7) | 121 (54.3) |  |
Renal failure (Creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl) | 29 (7.3) | 8 (27.6) | 21 (72.4) | 0.092 |
Diabetes mellitus | 80 (20) | 19 (23.7) | 61 (76.3) | < 0.005 |
COPD | 49 (12.3) | 29 (59.2) | 20 (40.8) | 0.012 |
History of arrhythmia | 43 (10.8) | 3 (7) | 40 (93) | < 0.005 |
NYHA Class | Â | Â | Â | 0.027 |
  I – II | 280 (70) | 129 (46.1) | 151 (53.9) |  |
  III – IV | 120 (30) | 41 (34.2) | 79 (65.8) |  |
Left ventricle ejection fraction (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 |
  > 35 | 259 (64.5) | 123 (47.5) | 136 (52.5) |  |
  ≤ 35 | 141 (35.5) | 47 (33.3) | 94 (66.7) |  |
PAP (mmHg) | Â | Â | Â | 0.043 |
  < 50 | 360 (90) | 159 (44.2) | 201 (55.8) |  |
  ≥ 50 | 40 (10) | 11 (27.5) | 29 (72.5) |  |
Preoperative medications | Â | Â | Â | < 0.005 |
  Beta blockers | 107 (26.8) | 45 (42.1) | 62 (57.9) |  |
  Digoxin | 42 (10.5) | 19 (55.2) | 23 (54.8) |  |
  Amiodarone | 18 (4.5) | 2 (11.1) | 16 (88.9) |  |
Left atrium diameter (mm) | Â | Â | Â | 0.876 |
  < 5.2 | 347 (86.7) | 148 (42.7) | 199 (57.3) |  |
  ≥ 5.2 | 53 (13.3) | 22 (41.5) | 31 (58.5) |  |
Type of surgery | Â | Â | Â | < 0.005 |
  Mitral valve | 140 (35) | 80 (57.1) | 60 (42.9) |  |
  Aortic valve | 129(32.3) | 57 (44.2) | 72 (55.8) |  |
  Multiple valve | 73 (18.2) | 21 (28.8) | 52 (71.2) |  |
  Valve with coronary artery bypass | 58 (14.5) | 12 (20.7) | 46 (79.3) |  |
Valve annulus calcification | 70 (17.5) | 17 (24.3) | 53 (75.7) | < 0.005 |
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (minute) | Â | Â | Â | < 0.005 |
  < 100 | 317 (79.3) | 157 (49.5) | 160 (50.5) |  |
  ≥ 100 | 83 (20.7) | 13 (15.7) | 70 (84.3) |  |
Aorta cross clamp time (minute) | Â | Â | Â | < 0.005 |
  < 60 | 318 (79.5) | 160 (50.3) | 158 (49.7) |  |
  ≥ 60 | 82 (20.5) | 10 (12.2) | 72 (87.8) |  |
Intraoperative bradycardia | 101 (25.3) | 46 (45.5) | 55 (54.5) | 0.474 |